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 According to Newsome and Gladding (2014), Middle Adulthood (also considered generativity vs. stagnation) begins at age 40 and lasts through ages 60-65. This is also broken into two parts with the earlier ages constituting early middle life (40-54) and the later ages being late middle life (55-65). Individuals in this stage of life experience many transitions such as hormonal declines, possible divorce and other relationship disruption, and caring for elderly parents. As a counselor for clients going through these stages in life I would encourage them to express the relevant emotions being experienced as they transition from young adulthood into these midlife transition periods and devise a healthy way of looking towards their future. Utilizing the biopsychosocial model may also help with this age group because of the myriad of changes they undergo throughout the twenty-five years.

            Late adulthood (integrity vs. despair) includes those between the ages of 65 and the end of life. However, it is important to note that not everyone who falls into this category is going to have the same experiences. Some older adults may be more active than others, have more of an active social life, care for grandchildren, have no children at all, be part of the LGBT community (which presents its own aging issues), among any number of other considerations. As a counselor of older adults, I would perform much of the same functions as I would with the middle life group. Assessing their level of independence is likely one of the most important factors for counseling these individuals and effectively helping this group would depend upon what they are going through at the time they enter counseling. A prevalent issue in those within this age range is the fear of dying but more importantly to the counseling process is how the individual feels about aging and dying (Newsome & Gladding, 2014).