Peripheral Vascular Disease

Peripheral Vascular Disease

 

Case Studies

 

 

A 52-year-old man complained of pain and cramping in his right calf caused by walking two

blocks. The pain was relieved with cessation of activity. The pain had been increasing in

frequency and intensity. Physical examination findings were essentially normal except for

decreased hair on the right leg. The patient’s popliteal, dorsalis pedis, and posterior tibial

pulses were markedly decreased compared with those of his left leg.

 

Studies Results

Routine laboratory work Within normal limits (WNL)

Doppler ultrasound systolic pressures Femoral: 130 mm Hg; popliteal: 90 mm Hg;

posterior tibial: 88 mm Hg; dorsalis pedis: 88

mm Hg (normal: same as brachial systolic

blood pressure)

Arterial plethysmography Decreased amplitude of distal femoral, popliteal,

dorsalis pedis, and posterior tibial pulse waves

Femoral arteriography of right leg Obstruction of the femoral artery at the midthigh

level

Arterial duplex scan Apparent arterial obstruction in the superficial

femoral artery

 

Diagnostic Analysis

 

With the clinical picture of classic intermittent claudication, the noninvasive Doppler and

plethysmographic arterial vascular study merely documented the presence and location of the

arterial occlusion in the proximal femoral artery. Most vascular surgeons prefer arteriography

to document the location of the vascular occlusion. The patient underwent a bypass from the

proximal femoral artery to the popliteal artery. After surgery he was asymptomatic.

 

Critical Thinking Questions

 

1. What was the cause of this patient’s pain and cramping? 2. Why was there decreased hair on the patient’s right leg? 3. What would be the strategic physical assessments after surgery to determine the

adequacy of the patient’s circulation?

4. What would be the treatment of intermittent Claudication for non-occlusion?